Since the emergence of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering more than half a
century ago, one obstacle has persisted: the in vitro creation of large-scale vascular tissue (> …

With the reignited push for manned spaceflight and the development of companies focused
on commercializing spaceflight, increased human ventures into space are inevitable …

All life forms have evolved under the constant force of gravity on Earth and developed ways
to counterbalance acceleration load. In space, shear forces, buoyance-driven convection …

Spaceflight-associated immune system weakening ultimately limits the ability of humans to
expand their presence beyond the earth's orbit. A mechanistic study of microgravity …

Microgravity (µ g) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity
changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into …

Bone is a complex tissue with a variety of functions, such as providing mechanical stability
for locomotion, protection of the inner organs, mineral homeostasis and haematopoiesis. To …

The effects of a microgravity environment on the myriad types of immune cells present within
the human body have been assessed both by bench-scale simulation and suborbital …

Space colonization represents the most insidious challenge for mankind, as numerous
obstacles affect the success of space missions. Specifically, the absence of gravitational …

Recent data indicates that dysregulation of the immune system occurs and persists during
spaceflight. Impairment of immunity, especially in conjunction with elevated radiation …

On-orbit assembly has become a crucial aspect of space operations, where the manipulator
frequently and directly interacts with objects in a complex assembly process. The traditional …