Since the spread of tobacco from the Americas hundreds of years ago, tobacco cigarettes
and, more recently, alternative tobacco products have become global products of nicotine …

Context Rapid developments in e-cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS),
and the evolution of the overall tobacco product marketplace warrant frequent evaluation of …

Methods Initial searches conducted via PubMed using the key words electronic cigarette, e-
cigarette, and electronic nicotine delivery systems yielded 151 studies (Figure 2). Seventy …

Background: There are> 7,000 e-cigarette flavors currently marketed. Flavoring chemicals
gained notoriety in the early 2000s when inhalation exposure of the flavoring chemical …

Rationale: Rates of adolescent electronic (e-) cigarette use are increasing, but there has
been little study of the chronic effects of use. Components of e-cigarette aerosol have known …

Objective To provide a systematic review of the existing literature on health consequences of
vaporing of electronic cigarettes (ECs). Methods Search in: PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL …

Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) use electricity to power a heating element that aerosolizes a
liquid containing solvents, flavorants, and the dependence‐producing drug nicotine for user …

Objective To review the available evidence evaluating the chemicals in refill solutions,
cartridges, aerosols and environmental emissions of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) …

Tobacco smoking is a major public health threat for both smokers and nonsmokers. There is
accumulating evidence demonstrating that smoking causes several human diseases …

Rationale: Proteolysis is a key aspect of the lung's innate immune system. Proteases,
including neutrophil elastase and MMPs (matrix metalloproteases), modulate cell signaling …