Liposomes have been used extensively as micro-and nanocarriers for hydrophobic or
hydrophilic molecules. However, conventional liposomes are biodegradable and quickly …

Despite great advances in the field of vaccination, there are still needs for novel and
effective vaccines because still no effective vaccines have been produced for some …

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, potential applications of nanomaterials in
medicine have been widely researched in recent years. Nanomaterials themselves can be …

Vaccine adjuvants are applied to amplify the recipient's specific immune responses against
pathogen infection or malignancy. A new generation of adjuvants is being developed to …

The current opioid epidemic is one of the most profound public health crises facing the
United States. Despite that it has been under the spotlight for years, available treatments for …

Lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (NPs), consisting of a polymeric core and a lipid shell,
have been intensively examined as delivery systems for cancer drugs, imaging agents, and …

Substance use disorders (SUD) are a serious public health concern globally. Existing
treatment platforms suffer from a lack of effectiveness. The development of immunotherapies …

Vaccines may offer a new treatment strategy for opioid use disorders and opioid-related
overdoses. To speed translation, this study evaluates opioid conjugate vaccines containing …

Biologics (vaccines, monoclonal antibodies (mAb), and genetically modified enzymes) offer
a promising class of therapeutics to treat substance use disorders (SUD) involving abuse of …

Traditional hapten-protein conjugate nicotine vaccines have shown less than desired
immunological efficacy due to their poor recognition and internalization by immune cells. We …