Neurobiologists have long sought to understand how circuits in the nervous system are
organized to generate the precise neural outputs that underlie particular behaviours. The …

Intrinsic spinal networks, known as central pattern generators (CPGs), control the timing and
pattern of the muscle activity underlying locomotion in mammals. This review discusses new …

This article provides a perspective on major innovations over the past century in research on
the spinal cord and, specifically, on specialized spinal circuits involved in the control of …

At the beginning of the 20th century, Thomas Graham Brown conducted experiments that
after a long hiatus changed views on the neural control of locomotion. His seminal work …

Over the past 40 years, much has been learned about the role of serotonin in spinal cord
reflex modulation and locomotor pattern generation. This review presents an historical …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly results in permanent loss of motor, sensory, and
autonomic function. Recent clinical studies have shown that epidural spinal cord stimulation …

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are generally defined as networks of neurons capable of
enabling the production of central commands, specifically controlling stereotyped, rhythmic …

The basic motor patterns underlying rhythmic limb movements during locomotion are
generated by neuronal networks located within the spinal cord. These networks are called …

The properties of mammalian spinal interneurons that underlie rhythmic locomotor networks
remain poorly described. Using postnatal transgenic mice in which expression of green …

Although recovery from spinal cord injury is generally meager, evidence suggests that step
training can improve stepping performance, particularly after neonatal spinal injury. The …