A critical factor in the transmission and pathogenesis of Toxoplasma gondii is the ability to
convert from an acute disease-causing, proliferative stage (tachyzoite), to a chronic, dormant …

Initially discovered in the context of immunomodulation, peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases
(PPIases) were soon identified as enzymes catalyzing the rate-limiting protein folding step at …

Apicomplexa are primarily obligate intracellular protozoa that have evolved complex
developmental stages important for pathogenesis and transmission. Toxoplasma gondii …

Toxoplasma gondii secretes protein effectors to subvert the human immune system
sufficiently to establish a chronic infection. Relative to murine infections, little is known about …

Immune recognition of tumors can limit cancer development, but antitumor immune
responses are often blocked by tumor-mediated immunosuppression. Because microbes or …

Toxoplasma gondii, a significant public health risk, is able to infect almost all warm-blooded
animals including humans, and it results in economic losses in production animals. In the …

Live attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the world's most widely used vaccine
which is mainly administered for its protection against tuberculosis (TB), particularly in young …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a structural and functional barrier that protects the central
nervous system (CNS) from invasion by blood-borne pathogens including parasites …

The CCR5 molecule was reported in 1996 as the main HIV‐1 co‐receptor. In that same year,
the CCR5Δ32 genetic variant was described as a strong protective factor against HIV‐1 …

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite with the potential of causing severe
encephalitis among immunocompromised human and animals. The aim of this experimental …