Few evolutionary adaptations in plants were so critical as the stomatal complex. This
structure allows transpiration and efficient gas exchange with the atmosphere. Plants have …

Stomata constantly open and close to optimize gas exchange. While the genetic programme
guiding early development is well described, the formation of functional guard cells remains …

The unique dumbbell-shape of grass guard cells (GCs) is controlled by their cell walls which
enable their rapid responses to the environment. The molecular mechanisms regulating the …

Plant cell separation and expansion require pectin degradation by endogenous pectinases
such as polygalacturonases, few of which have been functionally characterized. Stomata are …

The assessment of several ink formulations for 3D printing based on two natural
macromolecular compounds is presented. In the current research we have exploited the fast …

Plant nanobiotechnology has the potential to revolutionize agriculture. However, the lack of
effective methods to deliver nanoparticles (NPs) to the precise locations in plants where they …

Mechanical patterns control a variety of biological processes in plants. The microviscosity of
cellular structures effects the diffusion rate of molecules and organelles, thereby affecting …

We compared how stomatal morphology and physiology control intrinsic leaf water use
efficiency (iWUE) in two C3 and six C4 grasses grown at ambient (400 µmol mol–1) or …

Plants hold biochemical and physiological mechanisms to withstand drought conditions.
Generally, depending on water deficit interval, plant rehydration relies on how it can retain …

Stomata are controllable micropores formed between two adjacent guard cells (GCs) that
regulate gas flow across the plant surface. 1 Grasses, among the most successful organisms …