Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder arising from lack of insulin
production or insulin resistance (Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus,). DM is a …

BH4 (6R-l-erythro-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydrobiopterin) is an essential cofactor of a set of enzymes
that are of central metabolic importance, including four aromatic amino acid hydroxylases …

Diabetes causes increased oxidative stress, which is thought to play an important role in the
pathogenesis of various diabetic complications. However, the source of the hyperglycemia …

The polyol pathway is a two-step metabolic pathway in which glucose is reduced to sorbitol,
which is then converted to fructose. It is one of the most attractive candidate mechanisms to …

Diabetes is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite numerous
treatments for cardiovascular disease (CVD), for patients with diabetes, these therapies …

The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily comprises enzymes that catalyze redox
transformations involved in biosynthesis, intermediary metabolism, and detoxification …

Several enteric pathogens can gain specific metabolic advantages over other members of
the microbiota by inducing host pathology and inflammation. The pathogen Clostridium …

This chapter critically examines the concept of the polyol pathway and how it relates to the
pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The two enzymes of the polyol pathway …

Despite decades of scientific effort, diabetes continues to represent an incredibly complex
and difficult disease to treat. This is due in large part to the multifactorial nature of disease …

Oxidative stress modulates carcinogenesis in the liver; however, direct evidence for
metabolic control of oxidative stress during pathogenesis, particularly, of progression from …