Exposure to multiple substances is a challenge for risk evaluation. Currently, there is an
ongoing debate if generic “mixture assessment/allocation factors”(MAF) should be …

Abstract The Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification system (BDDCS) is a four-
class approach based on water solubility and extent of metabolism/permeability rate. Based …

Longitudinal monitoring of liver function in vivo is hindered by the lack of high-resolution non-
invasive imaging techniques. Using the anterior chamber of the mouse eye as a …

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare but potentially severe adverse drug event, which is
also a major cause of study cessation and market withdrawal during drug development …

Emerging advances in the field of in vitro toxicity testing attempt to meet the need for reliable
human-based safety assessment in drug development. Intrahepatic cholangiocyte …

Bile acids and bile salts (BA/BS) are substrates of both influx and efflux transporters on
hepatocytes. Canalicular efflux transporters, such as BSEP and MRP2, are crucial for the …

In humans, approximately 70% of drugs are eliminated through the liver. This process is
governed by the concerted action of membrane transporters and metabolic enzymes …

Bile acids (BA) fulfill a wide range of physiological functions, but are also involved in
pathologies, such as cholestasis. Cholestasis is characterized by an intrahepatic …

Reliable prediction of compound mediated nephrotoxicity in humans is still unsatisfactory
irrespective of the recent advancements in in silico, in vitro and in vivo models. Therefore …

The accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes is a key feature of drug-induced liver injury
(DILI) and can be induced by a subset of hepatotoxic compounds. In the present study, we …