Over the past decades, studies of fear learning and extinction have advanced our
understanding of the neurobiology of threat and safety learning. Animal studies can provide …

Acute stress has a profound influence on learning, as has been demonstrated in verbal
learning or fear conditioning. However, its effect on appetitive conditioning is still unclear …

Prediction error (PE) is the mismatch between a prior expectation and reality, and it lies at
the core of associative learning about aversive and appetitive stimuli. Human studies on fear …

Several previous attempts have been made to divide the human amygdala into smaller
subregions based on the unique functional properties of the subregions. Although these …

Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is an adaptive learning that depends on brain
mechanisms not completely identified. The amygdala is one of the structures that make up …

In diesem Kapitel wollen wir die anatomischen Komponenten des limbischen Systems und
seine Grundfunktionen betrachten. Die Hauptstrukturen des Gehirns werden in ihrer …

Appetitive conditioning is considered a central mechanism for the vulnerability to psychiatric
disorders. However, the investigation of individual differences that are related to altered …

In this chapter, we will review the anatomical components of the limbic system and its basic
functions. The main structures of the brain will be presented in their morphology and …

This paper investigates the new and better understanding of emotion, cognition, body, and
their organically interconnectedness from multidisciplinary perspectives. First, perspectives …

Exposure to stressors in adolescence, in both humans and rodents, leads to long-lasting
alterations in their behaviour and corresponding neuroanatomical structures. The …