Cytokines are proteins secreted in the central nervous system by neurons, microglia,
astrocytes and infiltrating peripheral immune cells under physiological and pathological …

Mental health disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, affect a significant number of
the global population. Several pathophysiological pathways for these disorders have been …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with memory impairment and altered peripheral
metabolism. Mounting evidence indicates that abnormal signaling in a brain-periphery …

A pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ)
protein in the brain. Physical exercise has been shown to reduce Aβ burden in various AD …

Abstract Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is a highly prevalent condition with
significant clinical, social and financial impacts for patients and their communities. The …

Alzheimer′ s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder to date.
Neuropathological hallmarks are β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, but the …

Over the past two decades it became evident that the immune system plays a central role in
modulating learning, memory and neural plasticity. Under normal quiescent conditions …

There is an increasing recognition that inflammation plays a critical role in
neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral …

Degeneration of central cholinergic neurons impairs memory, and enhancement of
cholinergic synapses improves cognitive processes. Cholinergic signaling is also anti …

Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of the Alzheimer's disease
(AD) brain, and it does so with the full complexity of local peripheral inflammatory responses …