Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a transcription factor closely associated with
the osteoblast phenotype. While frequently referred to, the complexity of its regulation and its …

The skeleton is a highly dynamic tissue whose structure relies on the balance between bone
deposition and resorption. This equilibrium, which depends on osteoblast and osteoclast …

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour, with~ 30%
mediated by Sonic hedgehog signalling. Vismodegib-mediated inhibition of the Sonic …

The Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases mediate cytosine demethylation
by catalyzing the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). TET-mediated DNA demethylation …

The fast technological development, particularly single nucleotide polymorphism array, array-
comparative genomic hybridization, and whole exome sequencing, has led to the discovery …

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are ancient signal transducers well
characterized as mediators of inflammation and neoplastic transformation. Recent work has …

Despite successful therapeutic strategies in the prevention and treatment of arteriosclerosis,
the cardiovascular complications remain a major clinical and societal issue worldwide …

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway can be activated in
response to a wide range of extracellular signals. As a consequence, it can generate many …

During the aging process, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit declined
osteogenesis accompanied by excess adipogenesis, which will lead to osteoporosis. Here …

Skeletal (marrow stromal) stem cells (BMSCs) are a group of multipotent cells that reside in
the bone marrow stroma and can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and …