Abstract Models test our understanding of processes and can reach beyond the spatial and
temporal scales of measurements. Multi-component Reactive Transport Models (RTMs) …

Catchments, generally understood as the drainage areas of low‐order streams, are often
regarded as closed hydrologic entities; that is, precipitation (P) minus evapotranspiration …

Introduction River networks, the backbone of most landscapes on Earth, collect and
transport water, sediment, organic matter, and nutrients from upland mountain regions to the …

Landscapes on Earth retain a record of the tectonic, environmental and climatic history
under which they formed. Landscapes tend towards an equilibrium in which rivers attain a …

Efforts to extract information about climate and tectonics from topography commonly assume
that river networks are static. Drainage divides can migrate through time, however, and …

The ability to model surface processes and to couple them to both subsurface and
atmospheric regimes has proven invaluable to research in the Earth and planetary sciences …

Tectonic activity generates topography, and the variability of tectonic forcing is responsible
for topographic patterns and variability of relief in fluvial landscapes. Despite this basic …

One of the most conspicuous features of a mountain belt is the main drainage divide. Divide
location is influenced by a number of parameters, including tectonic uplift and horizontal …

River drainage networks are important landscape features that have been studied for
several decades from a range of geomorphological and hydrological perspectives …

Madagascar exhibits high endemic biodiversity that has evolved with sustained and stable
rates of speciation over the past several tens of millions of years. The topography of …