Reproductive losses in camelids are due to infertility, pregnancy loss, udder diseases and
neonatal mortality caused by a variety of infectious diseases. Uterine infection and abortion …

The breeding season in the camel appears to be longer than was previously thought. The
camel is an induced ovulator, and the estrous cycles are either ovulatory or non-ovulatory …

Camels are said to be seasonal breeders, but the extent to which season interferes with food
supply to affect ovarian function is not fully documented. Hence, the three aims of this study …

The male camel is described as a seasonal breeder with a marked peak in sexual activity
(the rut) during the breeding season and it is generally thought that the male is sexually …

Overproduction of free radicals is controlled by antioxidant defense mechanisms. These
defense mechanisms are achieved by antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT). The …

Mean (±sd) pregnancy length for the 14 llamas in this study was 350±4· 5 days. Plasma
progesterone concentrations increased by 5 days after mating and remained elevated (> 2 …

The article reviews aspects of the basic reproductive biology of the camel, such as puberty,
breeding season, ovarian dynamics, synchronisation of ovarian activity and artificial …

Four nonapregnant, 4 late pregnant and 3 cycling camels were used for blood collection to
determine estradiola17 and progesterone concentrations. Blood hematological and serum …

During the estrous cycle of the camel the concentration of estradiol (E 2) varies between 9
and 110 pg/ml. In early estrus, the peak level of E 2 (74.7±6.61 pg/ml, n= 11) is maintained …

The prenatal development of the alpaca was studied. An evaluation of the reproductive tract
by rectal palpation was described throughout pregnancy. Forty-eight embryos/fetuses were …