Exhumed fault zones offer insights into deformation processes associated with earthquakes
in unparalleled spatial resolution; however it can be difficult to differentiate seismic slip from …

Much work has been undertaken quantifying the abundance of phyllosilicate clay minerals
in soils, sediments and rocks of Earth's crust. However, no detailed global compilation of …

A fundamental problem in fault mechanics is whether slip instability associated with
earthquake nucleation depends on absolute fault strength. We present laboratory …

Pronounced changes in clay mineral assemblages are preserved along the Moab Fault
(Utah). Gouge is enriched up to∼ 40% in 1Md illite relative to protolith, whereas altered …

The Gole Larghe Fault is an exhumed paleoseismic fault crosscutting the Adamello tonalites
(Italian Southern Alps). Ambient conditions of faulting were 9–11 km in depth and 250–300° …

Faults are frequently one of those adverse geological conditions that jam tunnel boring
machines (TBMs). However, the identification of faults and the engineering geological …

The anomalous enrichment of clay minerals in fault zones is considered a key factor
affecting the seismic behavior of faults, fault permeability, and mineralization. This process …

Neoformed minerals in shallow fault rocks are increasingly recognized as key to the
behavior of faults in the elasto-frictional regime, but neither the conditions nor the processes …

Washed cuttings provide a continuous record of the rocks encountered during drilling of the
main hole of the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD). Both protolith and fault …

Accurate and effective identification of adverse geology is crucial for safe and efficient tunnel
construction. Current methods of identifying adverse geology depend on the experience of …