The structural and dynamical characterization of biomolecules holds central importance in
the endeavor to understand the molecular mechanisms regulating living systems. However …

The complex cellular structures maintain the biological activities of cells. Revealing the
structure of cells at the nanoscale is of great significance for cell biology. Coherent X-ray …

The emergence of high repetition-rate X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) powered by
superconducting accelerator technology enables the measurement of significantly more …

The European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (FEL) became the first operational high-repetition-
rate hard X-ray FEL with first lasing in May 2017. Biological structure determination has …

X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) now routinely produce millijoule level pulses of x-ray
photons with tens of femtoseconds duration. Such x-ray intensities gave rise to the idea that …

Single particle imaging at x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) has the potential to determine
the structure and dynamics of single biomolecules at room temperature. Two major hurdles …

The science of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) critically depends on the performance of
the X-ray laser and on the quality of the samples placed into the X-ray beam. The stability of …

Intense short-wavelength pulses from free-electron lasers and high-harmonic-generation
sources enable diffractive imaging of individual nanosized objects with a single x-ray laser …

Imaging the structure and observing the dynamics of isolated proteins using single-particle X-
ray diffractive imaging (SPI) is one of the potential applications of X-ray free-electron lasers …

The noise caused by sample heterogeneity (including sample solvent) has been identified
as one of the determinant factors for a successful X-ray single-particle imaging experiment. It …