In mammals, the insulin receptor (IR) gene has acquired an additional exon, exon 11. This
exon may be skipped in a developmental and tissue-specific manner. The IR, therefore …

Cytoplasmic Janus protein tyrosine kinases (JAKs) are crucial components of diverse signal
transduction pathways that govern cellular survival, proliferation, differentiation and …

Neutrophils are critical and short-lived mediators of innate immunity that require constant
replenishment. Their differentiation in the bone marrow requires extensive cytoplasmic and …

Several glycoproteins that control blood-cell production and function have been purified and
sequenced. The four colony-stimulating factors interact in a complex way to regulate the …

The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), activated by its ligands, protects
several cell types from a variety of apoptotic injuries. The main signaling pathway for IGF-1R …

The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) sends several signals, some of which
are contradictory. When the concentrations of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), a major …

Members of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) family have been shown to
regulate the terminal differentiation of adipocytes and hepatocytes. In these cell lineages …

During hematopoiesis, myeloid progenitor cells give rise to granulocytes and macrophages.
To study the role for ICSBP, a hematopoietic cell-specific transcription factor in myeloid cell …

Bcr–Abl is a chimeric oncoprotein that is strongly implicated in acute lymphoblastic (ALL)
and chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML). This deregulated tyrosine kinase selectively …

Erythropoietin (Epo), the hormone that is the principal regulator of red blood cell production,
interacts with high-affinity receptors on the surface of erythroid progenitor cells and …