Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented
challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and …

The lungs were long thought to be sterile until technical advances uncovered the presence
of the lung microbial community. The microbiome of healthy lungs is mainly derived from the …

Respiratory viral infections reprogram pulmonary macrophages with altered anti-infectious
functions. However, the potential function of virus-trained macrophages in antitumor …

Heterogeneity in human immune responses is difficult to model in standard laboratory mice.
To understand how host variation affects Bacillus Calmette Guerin–induced (BCG-induced) …

Susceptibility to respiratory virus infections (RVIs) varies widely across individuals. Because
the gut microbiome impacts immune function, we investigated the influence of intestinal …

Increasing global concerns of pandemic respiratory viruses highlight the importance of
developing optimal vaccination strategies that encompass vaccine platform, delivery route …

The world is in need of next-generation COVID-19 vaccines. Although first-generation
injectable COVID-19 vaccines continue to be critical tools in controlling the current global …

Summary Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2s) are innate lymphocytes involved in type 2
immunity. ILC2s are abundant at the barrier tissues and upon allergen exposure, respond to …

Vaccine immunogenicity still represents an unmet need in specific populations, such as
people from developing countries and “edge populations”. Both intrinsic and extrinsic …

Tuberculosis (TB) has remained at the forefront of the global infectious disease burden for
centuries. Concerted global efforts to eliminate TB have been hindered by the complexity of …