Five years ago, with international funding, several international agricultural research centers
set out to explore the potential to improve the micronutrient quality of some staple food …

Nitrite is one of the players in the broad nitrogen biogeochemical cycle. This nitrogen oxo-
anion is involved in key pathways crucial to life on Earth and to the planetary “recycling” of …

Plant protoplasts (“naked” cells) provide a unique single cell system to underpin several
aspects of modern biotechnology. Major advances in genomics, proteomics, and …

Hemoglobin (Hb) occurs in all the kingdoms of living organisms. Its distribution is episodic
among the nonvertebrate groups in contrast to vertebrates. Nonvertebrate Hbs range from …

Neuroglobin is a recently discovered member of the globin superfamily that is suggested to
enhance the O 2 supply of the vertebrate brain. Spectral measurements with human and …

Ever since the identification by Hellriegel and Wilfarth (1888) of rhizobia as the source of
fixed nitrogen in root nodules of legumes, people have wondered whether or not plants …

The role of nitrate reduction to produce nitric oxide (NO) and its subsequent oxidation by
oxyhaemoglobin as a mechanism to maintain plant cell energetics during hypoxia is …

We have identified a new human hemoglobin that we call histoglobin because it is
expressed in a wide array of tissues. Histoglobin shares less than 30% identity with the other …

Rice is the most important cereal crop. In the next three decades, the world will need to
produce about 60% more rice than today's global production to feed the extra billion people …

In a great variety of organisms throughout all kingdoms of life, the heme-based-sensor
proteins are the key regulators of adaptive responses to fluctuating oxygen, carbon …