Antiviral drugs have traditionally been developed by directly targeting essential viral
components. However, this strategy often fails due to the rapid generation of drug-resistant …

SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that already claimed
more than 340,000 lives worldwide as of May 23, 2020, the majority of which are elderly …

Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 show a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging
from mild febrile illness and cough up to acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ …

Background. Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses preferentially infect alveolar
type II pneumocytes in human lung. However, it is unknown whether this cellular tropism …

The antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) had been shown to inhibit replication of seasonal
human influenza A viruses. Here, the effects of NAC on virus replication, virus-induced pro …

The genetic make-up of the host has a major influence on its response to combat pathogens.
For influenza A virus, several single gene mutations have been described which contribute …

Deaths during the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic have been linked to both the influenza
virus and secondary bacterial lung infections. Case fatality rates and percentage of influenza …

Influenza viruses, the main cause of respiratory tract diseases, cause high morbidity and
mortality in humans. Excessive inflammation in the lungs is proposed to be a hallmark for the …

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved physiological program
involved in development and tissue repair; however, its aberrant activation has been …

Cineol is a major monoterpene principally from eucalyptus essential oils and has been
shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and inhibitory of nuclear factor (NF)-kB effect. In …