Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes the experimental information on protein
energetics. This field is developing fast and the concept of the energetics of protein structure …

There are now several crystal structures of antibody Fab fragments complexed to their
protein antigens. These include Fab complexes with lysozyme, two Fab complexes with …

During the past year, many new antibody structures have been determined, increasing our
understanding of these immunologically important molecules. Of special interest are new …

A theoretical development in the evaluation of proton linkage in protein binding reactions by
isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is presented. For a system in which binding is linked to …

With the numerous detailed molecular descriptions of antibody-antigen interfaces, the
structural study of these molecular interactions has evolved from an attempt to understand …

We present an analysis of the water molecules immobilized at the protein–protein interfaces
of 115 homodimeric proteins and 46 protein–protein complexes, and compare them with …

The detailed structure of antibodies and various fragments, including isolated domains, from
different isotypes and from different species has become available from X-ray …

Antibodies bind protein antigens over large sterically and electrostatically complementary
surfaces, Van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, and occasionally ion pairs provide stability …

Macroscopic, non-covalent, aspecific interactions between hydrophilic biopolymers,
particles and cells in aqueous media tend to be repulsive; they are caused by Lifshitz-van …

We have prepared a monoclonal Buckminsterfullerene specific antibody and report the
sequences of its light and heavy chains. We also show, by x-ray crystallographic analysis of …