The assignment of silver oxidation state by XPS is a matter of large controversy. In fact, a
large discrepancy of binding energy values for its most intense peak, Ag 3d, exists in the …

The field of nanoscience was pioneered in the 1980s with the groundbreaking research on
clusters, which later led to the discovery of fullerenes. Handbook of Nanophysics: Clusters …

In this review we describe the development and current status of free clusters studied using
core-level spectroscopies. This topic ranges from simple model systems, such as rare gas …

We report on the experimental observation of the direct decay of a core vacancy in van der
Waals clusters by emission of a fast electron from a neighboring atom. The process can be …

Auger electron spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations has been applied to
investigate the decay of the Ca 2p core hole of aqueous Ca2+. Beyond the localized two …

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of nanoparticles are known to be strongly
dependent on the surface states, whereas the detailed mechanisms are not clear. Here, the …

After core ionization of an atom or molecule by an x-ray photon, multiply charged ions are
produced in the Auger decay process. These ions tend to neutralize their charge when …

X-ray photoelectron and Auger spectroscopies are well-suited for exploring the chemical
state of a selected system. Chemical shifts of electronic transitions and line broadening in …

Valence and core level photoelectron spectra and Auger electron spectra of ammonia in
pure clusters have been measured. The Auger electron spectra of gas-phase ammonia …

We discuss a new approach for the measurement of the surfaces of free aerosol particles
with diameters from 50 to 1000 nm. Particles in this size range have significant influence on …