Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been utilized for over two decades to treat
medication-refractory dystonia in children. Short-term benefit has been demonstrated for …

Abstract Oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA) is a toxin commonly used for the
creation of experimental animal models of Parkinson's disease, attention-deficit hyperactivity …

Dystonia is one of the most common pediatric movement disorders and can have a profound
impact on the lives of children and their caregivers. Response to pharmacologic treatment is …

Dystonia is the most common movement disorder in the pediatric population. It can affect
normal motor development and cause significant motor disability. The treatment of pediatric …

Introduction Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment in patients of various
ages with pharmaco-resistant neurological disorders. Surgical targeting and postoperative …

Diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) is a widely used neuroimaging modality that permits the in
vivo exploration of white matter connections in the human brain. Normative structural …

Abstract Elaeagnus moorcroftii Wall. ex Schlecht (EWS) was identified as a suitable food
substrate for enhancing the proliferation of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YL-29 (L. cp29) …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is known to both modulate local circuits and impact distributed
brain networks. These networks can be studied in vivo using functional MRI (fMRI) and …

Abstract Lesch-Nyhan Disease (LND) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder arising from
hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 gene mutations, leading to a complete …

Refractory movement disorders are a common feature of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs),
significantly impacting quality of life and potentially leading to life-threatening complications …