Penile inflammatory skin conditions such as balanitis and posthitis are common, especially
in uncircumcised males, and feature prominently in medical consultations. We conducted a …

Background: As the first experience of substance abuse often starts in adolescence, and
studies have shown that drug use is mainly related to cigarette and alcohol consumption, an …

Background and objectives Drug abuse and alcohol use in young adults are a major public
health problem. The aims of present study were to determine the prevalence of alcohol use …

The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of smoking status and its associated
factors in Iranian adolescents and a meta-analysis of recent cross-sectional studies in order …

Objectives Identification of the causal impact of self-esteem on smoking stages faces
seemingly insurmountable problems in observational data, where self-esteem is not …

Hookah smoking has increased worldwide, especially among youth, and has been identified
as an emerging threat to public health. The aim of the present study was to estimate the …

Background: Tobacco smoking is one of the most important public health problems that may
be prevented. There is limited information about its relationship with communication skills …

Background The consumption of tobacco through a hookah is growing in popularity,
especially among children and adolescents, but little is known about the determinants of …

OBJECTIVES Recent research has described negative relationship between happiness and
habitual smoking among adolescents. No study of this relationship has been conducted …

Background: Smoking causes premature and preventable death of millions of educated
people. Objectives: Given the role model for medical students in the future of the country, the …