Information security is a fundamental and urgent issue in the digital transformation era.
Cryptographic techniques and digital signatures have been applied to protect and …

In recent decades, the field of quantum computing has experienced remarkable progress.
This progress is marked by the superior performance of many quantum algorithms …

The Toom-Cook multiplier (TCM) is the most suitable method for multiplying large integers
with key widths typically employed in ECC or RSA due to its computational efficiency. In this …

Blockchain technology, renowned for its ability to securely store data, hashes, and
signatures permanently, faces unprecedented challenges in secure Consumer IoT (CIoT) …

Modular arithmetic calculations, such as modular addition and multiplication, are
fundamental building blocks to Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Homomorphic …

This paper provides a thorough examination of strategies related to the design of the
polynomial multiplication approach, which is essential to resolving large number operations …

Toom-Cook multiplication algorithm is one of the most efficient method compared to other
traditional large-integer multiplication algorithms. However, in most cases, implementation of …

Long integer multiplication algorithms are fundamental computational kernels in numerous
applications, ranging from cryptographic systems to neural networks. They serve as …

Along with the possibility of accelerated polynomial multiplication, the Toom-Cook k–way
multiplication technique has drawn significant interest in the field of post-quantum …

Quantum arithmetic logic units (QALUs) constitute a fundamental component of quantum
computing. However, the implementation of QALUs on near-term quantum computers …