Chronic primary pain (CPP) is a group of diseases with long‐term pain and functional
disorders but without structural or specific tissue pathologies. CPP is becoming a serious …

Objective: To compare prey and snake paradigms performed in complex environments to
the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and T-maze (ETM) tests for the study of panic attack-and …

Objectives: The purpose was to examine central inhibitory mechanisms involved in
analgesia produced by wheel running. Methods: C57/Black6 mice were given access to …

There has been a rapid increase in neonates born with a history of prenatal opioid
exposure. How prenatal opioid exposure affects pain sensitivity in offspring is of interest, as …

The periaqueductal gray (PAG) is a key structure in the propagation and modulation of pain,
sympathetic responses as well as the learning and action of defensive and aversive …

Using an innovative approach to study the neural bases of psychiatric disorders, this study
investigated the behavioral, morphological and pharmacological bases of panic attack …

The effects of endogenous opioid peptide antagonists on panic-related responses are
controversial. Using elevated mazes and a prey-versus-predator paradigm, we investigated …

The medial prefrontal cortex can influence unconditioned fear-induced defensive
mechanisms organised by diencephalic neurons that are under tonic GABAergic inhibition …

Abstract Fear-induced antinociception (FIA), an instinctive defensive response producing
pain suppression in stressful and/or dangerous situations, has been the subject of extensive …

Abstract Rationale: The prelimbic division (PrL) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a
key structure in panic. Objectives: To evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in defensive …