The presence, magnitude, and significance of sex differences in the human brain are hotly
debated topics in the scientific community and popular media. This debate is largely fueled …

Through dynamic transactional processes between genetic and environmental factors,
childhood and adolescence involve reorganization and optimization of the cerebral cortex …

Long overlooked in neuroscience research, sex and gender are increasingly included as
key variables potentially impacting all levels of neurobehavioral analysis. Still, many …

For many traits, males show greater variability than females, with possible implications for
understanding sex differences in health and disease. Here, the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro …

Introduction: Most medical diagnoses present somewhat differently in men and women,
more so at specific periods of life. Treatment effects may also differ. This is true for …

The X-chromosome has long been hypothesized to have a disproportionate influence on the
brain based on its enrichment for genes that are expressed in the brain and associated with …

In mammals, trait variation is often reported to be greater among males than females.
However, to date, mainly only morphological traits have been studied. Energy expenditure …

There are prominent sex/gender differences in the prevalence, expression, and life span
course of mental health and neurodiverse conditions. However, the underlying sex-and …

Children and adolescents show high variability in brain development. Brain age—the
estimated biological age of an individual brain—can be used to index developmental stage …

Menstrually-related migraine (MM) is a primary migraine in women of reproductive age. The
underlying neural mechanism of MM was still unclear. In this study, we aimed to reveal the …