The evolution of the content of heavy elements in galaxies, the relative chemical
abundances, their spatial distribution, and how these scale with various galactic properties …

Galaxy observations are influenced by many physical parameters: stellar masses, star
formation rates (SFRs), star formation histories (SFHs), metallicities, dust, black hole activity …

The three-dimensional intrinsic shape of a galaxy and the mass of the central supermassive
black hole provide key insight into the galaxy's growth history over cosmic time. Standard …

The characteristic mass that sets the peak of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) is closely
linked to the thermodynamic behaviour of interstellar gas, which controls how gas fragments …

The Fornax cluster provides a uniquely compact laboratory in which to study the detailed
history of early-type galaxies and the role played by the environment in driving their …

The initial mass function (IMF), describing the distribution of birth masses of stars, plays a
pivotal role in establishing the observable properties of galaxies. This article reviews the …

The massive elliptical galaxy M87 has been the subject of several supermassive black hole
mass measurements from stellar dynamics, gas dynamics, and recently the black hole …

Strong iron lines are a common feature of the optical spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs)
and quasars from z∼ 6− 7 to the local universe, and [Fe/Mg] ratios do not show cosmic …

The central regions of cool-core galaxy clusters harbour multiphase gas, with gas
temperatures ranging from to. Feedback from active galactic nuclei jets prevents the gas …

Context. The project called INvestigating Stellar Population In RElics (INSPIRE) is based on
VLT/X-shooter data from the homonymous on-going ESO Large Program. It targets 52 ultra …