Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a key cytokine regulating the development,
activation, proliferation, differentiation, and death of T cells. In CD4+ T cells, TGF-β maintains …

CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells (TRM cells) are essential for immune defence against
pathogens and malignancies, and the molecular processes that lead to TRM cell formation …

Tissue localization is a critical determinant of T cell immunity. CD8+ T cells are contact-
dependent killers, which requires them to physically be within the tissue of interest to kill …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in both suppressive
and inflammatory immune responses. After 30 years of intense study, we have only begun to …

Among cells present in the tumor microenvironment, activated fibroblasts termed cancer-
associated fibroblasts (CAFs), play a critical role in the complex process of tumor-stroma …

Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells constitute a recently identified lymphocyte lineage that
occupies tissues without recirculating. They provide a first response against infections …

Cytokines are a class of potent immunoregulatory proteins that are secreted in response to
various stimuli and act locally to regulate many aspects of human physiology and disease …

Abstract In tumors, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute the most prominent
component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs are heterogeneous and composed …

Quantitative lymphocyte alterations are frequent in patients with cancer, and strongly impact
prognosis and survival. The development of cancers in immunosuppressed patients has …

During an infection, T cells can differentiate into multiple types of effector and memory T
cells, which help to mediate pathogen clearance and provide long-term protective immunity …