Sandfly-borne phleboviruses may cause a transient febrile illness (sandfly fever) or more
severe neuroinvasive disease. In the Old World, they are vectored by phlebotomine flies …

Pathogens transmitted to humans by phlebotomine sand flies are neglected, as they cause
infectious diseases that are not on the priority list of national and international public health …

Background Toscana virus is an arbovirus transmitted by sand flies within the Mediterranean
area where it can cause febrile illness and neuroinvasive infections during the seasonal …

Different vector-borne pathogens are present or have (re-) emerged in Croatia. Flaviviruses
tick-borne encephalitis (TBEV), West Nile (WNV), and Usutu (USUV) are widely distributed …

Several arboviruses have emerged in Croatia in recent years. Tick-borne encephalitis is
endemic in continental counties; however, new natural micro-foci have been detected. Two …

Toscana virus (TOSV), a sandfly-borne phlebovirus, is an important agent of human
meningoencephalitis in the Mediterranean region, for which vertebrates acting as reservoirs …

Background Phlebotomine sandflies are vectors of several pathogens with significant impact
for public health. This study was conducted to investigate and characterize phlebovirus and …

Highlights•Taxonomic status of new phleboviruses need to be addressed.•Medical
importance of new sandfly-borne phleboviruses must be studied.•Vector/virus association …

Abstract Toscana virus (TOSV; Bunyaviridae, Phlebovirus) is transmitted by sandflies of the
genus Phlebotomus in the Mediterranean area. One strain of TOSV was isolated from a total …

The epidemiology of viral infections transmitted by arthropods is changing due to a variety of
parameters related to the virus, the host and the environment. The Mediterranean region is …