Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria is one of the most potent innate
immune-activating stimuli known. Here we review the current understanding of LPS effects …

Members of the interleukin (IL)-10 family of cytokines play important roles in regulating
immune responses during host defense but also in autoimmune disorders, inflammatory …

Advancing our understanding of mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma,
autoimmune diseases, tumor development, organ transplantation, and chronic infections …

Background The efficacy of omalizumab (anti-IgE) and increased IgE levels in patients with
chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) suggest autoallergic mechanisms. Objective We …

▪ Abstract The Class 2 α-helical cytokines consist of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-19, IL-20, IL-22,
IL-24 (Mda-7), and IL-26, interferons (IFN-α,-β,-ε,-κ,-ω,-δ,-τ, and-γ) and interferon-like …

Cytokines play a very important role in nearly all aspects of inflammation and immunity. The
term'interleukin'(IL) has been used to describe a group of cytokines with complex …

The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR is a critical mediator of the
antiproliferative and antiviral effects exerted by interferons. Not only is PKR an effector …

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and is notoriously resistant to all
current modalities of cancer therapy. A large set of genetic, functional and biochemical …

Proteasome dysfunction can lead to autoinflammatory disease associated with elevated type
I interferon (IFN-αβ) and NF-κB signaling; however, the innate immune pathway driving this …

The multitude and abundance of macrophage-derived mediators in rheumatoid arthritis and
their paracrine/autocrine effects identify macrophages as local and systemic amplifiers of …