There is growing policy consensus in Washington and other Western capitals that economic
sanctions are powerful tools to cope with major foreign policy crises. Are sanctions …

What determines the consequences of economic sanctions? Is there a common explanation
for these consequences? This article provides a comprehensive review of the fragmented …

Since China is facing a complicated international situation and sustainable development
requirement at the same time, this paper examines the effects of external uncertainty …

This paper studies the impact of international sanctions on environmental performance by
using the panel fixed effect model for 22 sanctioned states over the period 2002–2016 while …

We draw on established theoretical works in international political economy to compare the
empirical effect of threatened and imposed economic sanctions on international trade. To …

Why do policymakers consistently employ economic sanctions even though scholars
consider them an ineffective tool of statecraft? Game-theoretic models of economic coercion …

This is a comprehensive introduction to research design for university students at all levels
across the whole range of political science, including international relations and public …

Geopolitical crises, and economic sanctions, in particular, have created considerable
disturbance in natural resource markets. This study focuses on a significant consequence of …

We review a number of developments and trends in the literature on economic sanctions.
We discuss salient contributions to the theoretical literature, data collection, and empirical …

In the literature on sanctions effectiveness, scholars have identified a number of factors that
may contribute to sanctions success. However, existing empirical studies provide mixed …