An increasing number of studies investigate the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) or use
the vMMN as a tool to probe various aspects of human cognition. This paper reviews the …

In this review, we attempt to integrate the empirical evidence regarding stimulus-specific
adaptation (SSA) and mismatch negativity (MMN) under a predictive coding perspective …

Perception is characterized by a reciprocal exchange of predictions and prediction error
signals between neural regions. However, the relationship between such sensory mismatch …

Predictive coding theories posit that neural networks learn statistical regularities in the
environment for comparison with actual outcomes, signaling a prediction error (PE) when …

The visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) response is an event-related potential (ERP)
component, which is automatically elicited by events that violate predictions based on prior …

In this account, we attempt to integrate two parallel, but thus far, separate lines of research
on auditory novelty detection:(1) human studies of EEG recordings of the mismatch …

We constantly look for patterns in the environment that allow us to learn its key regularities.
These regularities are fundamental in enabling us to make predictions about what is likely to …

The mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the auditory event-related potential has
become a valuable tool in cognitive neuroscience. Its reduced size in persons with …

The mismatch negativity (MMN) is a key biomarker of automatic deviance detection thought
to emerge from 2 cortical sources. First, the auditory cortex (AC) encodes spectral …

Enhanced alpha power compared with a baseline can reflect states of increased cognitive
load, for example, when listening to speech in noise. Can knowledge about “when” to listen …