Iron is an essential nutrient for both humans and pathogenic microbes. Because of its ability
to exist in one of two oxidation states, iron is an ideal redox catalyst for diverse cellular …

Modified tetrapyrroles are large macrocyclic compounds, consisting of diverse conjugation
and metal chelation systems and imparting an array of colors to the biological structures that …

Iron is a micronutrient for nearly all life on Earth. It can be used as an electron donor and
electron acceptor by iron-oxidizing and iron-reducing microorganisms and is used in a …

Transition metals occupy an essential niche in biological systems. Their electrostatic
properties stabilize substrates or reaction intermediates in the active sites of enzymes, and …

Bacterial pathogens require the iron-containing cofactor heme to cause disease. Heme is
essential to the function of hemoproteins, which are involved in energy generation by the …

Iron is a versatile redox-active catalyst and a required cofactor within a diverse array of
biological processes. To almost all organisms, iron is both essential and potentially toxic …

The unique redox potential of iron makes it an ideal cofactor in diverse biochemical
reactions. Iron is therefore vital for the growth and proliferation of nearly all organisms …

Metals are required cofactors for numerous fundamental processes that are essential to both
pathogen and host. They are coordinated in enzymes responsible for DNA replication and …

The proliferative capability of many invasive pathogens is limited by the bioavailability of
iron. Pathogens have thus developed strategies to obtain iron from their host organisms. In …

Tetrapyrrole-containing proteins are one of the most fundamental classes of enzymes in
nature and it remains an open question to give a chemical rationale for the multitude of …