The control of gaseous exchange between the leaf and external atmosphere is governed by
stomatal conductance (gs); therefore, stomata play a critical role in photosynthesis and …

Increasing global population and climate change uncertainties have compelled increased
photosynthetic efficiency and yields to ensure food security over the coming decades …

The intricate and interconnecting reactions of C3 photosynthesis are often limited by one of
two fundamental processes: the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy, or the …

The key role of cell walls in setting mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm) and, consequently,
photosynthesis is reviewed. First, the theoretical properties of cell walls that can affect gm …

Identifying traits for improving sink strength is a bottleneck to increasing wheat yield. The
interacting processes determining sink strength and yield potential are reviewed and …

Developmental age is a strong determinant of stress responses in plants. Differential
susceptibility to various environmental stresses is widely observed at both the organ and …

Many plant leaves have two layers of photosynthetic tissue: the palisade and spongy
mesophyll. Whereas palisade mesophyll consists of tightly packed columnar cells, the …

Source traits are currently of great interest for the enhancement of yield potential; for
example, much effort is being expended to find ways of modifying photosynthesis. However …

The limits for stomatal conductance are set by stomatal size (SS) and density (SD). An
inverse relationship between SS and SD has been observed in fossil and living plants. This …

Background Stomata are adjustable pores on the surface of plant shoots for efficient gas
exchange and water control. The presence of stomata is essential for plant growth and …