Vertical farming can produce food in a climate-resilient manner, potentially emitting zero
pesticides and fertilizers, and with lower land and water use than conventional agriculture …

One of the ambitions of Science Robotics is to deeply root robotics research in science while
developing novel robotic platforms that will enable new scientific discoveries. Of our 10 …

Abstract Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) applications, such as vertical farms and
plant factories, have the potential to shift food production to be close to urban centers …

Uncertain climate changes and increasing energy and food production demands lead to
food insecurity, especially for drought-prone areas like the study region, Iran. This study …

Agri-Food is the largest manufacturing sector in the UK. It supports a food chain that
generates over {\pounds} 108bn pa, with 3.9 m employees in a truly international industry …

Vertical farming (VF) is a novel plant production system that allows local production of high-
quality fruits and vegetables for rapidly growing cities. VF offers a myriad of opportunities to …

Indoor vertical farming (IVF) has expanded exponentially over the last couple of years and is
expected to have a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25.9% from 2022 to 2029. IVF …

Indoor plant cultivation can result in significantly improved resource use efficiency (surface,
water, and nutrients) as compared to traditional growing systems, but illumination costs are …

The rapidly growing population and increasing urbanization have created the need to
produce more food and transport it safely to urban areas where the majority of global …

Lettuce is one of the most popular leafy vegetables produced in controlled environments
with artificial lighting (CEALs). Optimal control of environmental conditions can be used to …