In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding taxonomy, bloom
dynamics, toxicity, autoecology, and trophic interactions, of saxitoxin producing …

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are a group of toxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning
through blockage of voltage-gated sodium channels. PSTs are produced by prokaryotic …

In late February 2016, a harmful algal bloom (HAB) of Alexandrium catenella was detected
in southern Chiloé, leading to the banning of shellfish harvesting in an extended …

Marine harmful algal blooms (HAB) have been implicated in marine mammal die-offs; but
the relationship between sub-lethal algal toxicity and marine mammal vulnerability to human …

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are a group of natural toxic substances often found in
marine bivalves. Accumulation, anatomical distribution, biotransformation and depuration of …

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are natural toxins produced by some microorganisms,
especially during harmful algal blooms (HABs). Molluscs and other marine animals can …

With the move away from use of mouse bioassay (MBA) to test bivalve mollusc shellfish for
paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins, countries around the world are having to adopt …

The harmful microalgae Gymnodinium catenatum is a unique naked dinoflagellate that
produces paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSTs). This species is common along the …

Harmful algae blooms (HABs) are characterized for the coexistence of phytoplankton
species with dynamic and complex biotic interactions (eg, competition, symbiosis, predation …

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by some marine dinoflagellates can cause severe
human intoxication via vectors like bivalves. Toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum …