Live‐bearing has evolved in all three orders of amphibians—frogs, salamanders, and
caecilians. Developing young may be either yolk dependent, or maternal nutrients may be …

Sexual dimorphism, widespread in the animal kingdom, describes differences between the
sexes in size, shape and many other traits. Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) plays a significant …

Rana chensinensis (David, 1875) is a temperate anuran endemic to northern China. We
examined differences in demographic traits of the populations from three elevations (1400 …

In organisms with determinate growth, sexual size dimorphism (SSD) occurs before maturity
during the developmental process of growing apart, an ontogenetic perspective on the …

Aim Longevity is a critical life‐history trait of organisms. Multiple abiotic and biotic factors are
thought to exert different selection pressures, resulting in a great variation in species …

Gregarious behaviour (ie living in groups in contrast to a solitary life) is commonly observed
in mammals, but rarely documented in amphibians. Environmental features and/or animal …

The growth dynamics of Phymaturus patagonicus, a diurnal, herbivorous and viviparous
lizard from the Argentinean Patagonian steppe, was studied using eight juveniles (two born …

Actuarial senescence has been viewed for a long time as an inevitable and uniform process.
However, the work on senescence has mainly focused on endotherms with deterministic …

The fire salamander Salamandra salamandra is a widespread taxon in Europe, exhibiting
great intraspecific diversity in phenotype and life history traits across its geographical …

The mean age of a population of agile frogs (Rana dalmatina) from the Iberian Peninsula
was estimated using mark and recapture and skeletochronology. Life-history parameters …