Kidney damage varies according to the primary insult. Different aetiologies of acute kidney
injury (AKI), including kidney ischaemia, exposure to nephrotoxins, dehydration or sepsis …

Since the discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), numerous studies on the hypoxia
signaling pathway have been performed. The role of HIF stabilization during hypoxia has …

The physiological functions of the uterine endometrium (uterine lining) are preparation for
implantation, maintenance of pregnancy if implantation occurs, and menstruation in the …

Studies of the regulation of erythropoietin (EPO) production by the liver and kidneys, one of
the classical physiological responses to hypoxia, led to the discovery of human oxygen …

Iron is an essential element that is indispensable for life. The delicate physiological body
iron balance is maintained by both systemic and cellular regulatory mechanisms. The iron …

Anemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with a high
burden of morbidity and adverse clinical outcomes. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are highly conserved transcription factors that are crucial for
adaptation of metazoans to limited oxygen availability. Recently, HIF activation and …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease characterized by an abrupt loss of renal
function. Accumulating evidence indicates that incomplete or maladaptive repair after AKI …

Ischemia and reperfusion–elicited tissue injury contributes to morbidity and mortality in a
wide range of pathologies, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, acute kidney …

Ischemic kidney injury often occurs in the context of multiple organ failure and sepsis. Here,
we review the major components of this dynamic process, which involves hemodynamic …