We revisit the concept of synergy based on the recently translated classical book by Nikolai
Bernstein (On the construction of movements, Medgiz, Moscow 1947; Latash, Bernstein's …

This study determines the effect of walking backward on a treadmill on balance, speed of
walking and cardiopulmonary fitness for patients with chronic stroke. Subjects with chronic …

In this study, we address the question: Can the central nervous system stabilize vertical
posture in the abundant space of neural commands? We assume that the control of vertical …

Common assessment tools for determining therapeutic success in rehabilitation typically
focus on task–based outcomes. Task–based outcomes provide some understanding of the …

Background: Researchers may be tempted to favorably distort the interpretation of their
findings when reporting the abstract (ie, spin). Spin bias overemphasizes the beneficial …

Reaching from standing requires adjustments of hand movement and posture, which are
assured by redundant kinematic degrees of freedom. However, the increased demand for …

Background and Objectives: This study was conducted to determine whether self-control
and emotions could influence patients' physical ability and functional recovery after stroke …

The uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis has gained broad application in biomechanics
and neuroscience for investigating the structure of motor variability in functional tasks. The …

Background A given movement requires precise coordination of multiple muscles under the
control of center nervous system. However, detailed knowledge about the changing …

Understanding abnormal synergy of the upper extremity (UE) in stroke survivors is critical for
better identification of motor impairment. Here, we investigated to what extent stroke …