A systems science examination of the Earth's fully interconnected dynamic magnetosphere
is presented. Here the magnetospheric system (aka the magnetosphere–ionosphere …

Hourly averaged interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and plasma data from the Advanced
Composition Explorer (ACE) and Wind spacecraft, generated from 1 to 4 min resolution data …

Improved techniques have been developed for empirical modeling of the high‐latitude
electric potentials and magnetic field‐aligned currents (FAC) as a function of the solar wind …

This paper describes in some detail the inner workings of the Lyon–Fedder–Mobarry (LFM)
global magnetospheric simulation code. The code was designed with a number of criteria in …

It is argued here that the inner heliosphere is filled with a network of entangled magnetic flux
tubes and that the flux tubes are fossil structures that originate at the solar surface. 65,860 …

The relativistic electron dropout event on 20 November 2003 is studied using data from a
number of satellites including SAMPEX, HEO, ACE, POES, and FAST. The observations …

Solar wind‐magnetosphere coupling functions have now been in use for almost 50 years. In
that time, a very large number of formulations have been proposed. As they become …

Abstract Auroral Kilometric Radiation (AKR) is the strongest terrestrial radio emission, and
emanates from the same electron acceleration regions from which particles precipitate into …

Penetration of the interplanetary electric field (IEF) to the middle-and low-latitude ionosphere
has been investigated for nearly four decades. Most previous studies focused on the …

Multiple properties of the solar wind that affect the earth are summarized in this overview. 13
specific solar-wind parameters that influence geomagnetic activity, the plasma sheet, the …