Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) remain a significant health, social and
economic problem around the globe. The development of therapeutic strategies for CNS …

Memory, the ability to retain learned information, is necessary for survival. Thus far,
molecular and cellular investigations of memory formation and storage have mainly focused …

Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system as well as in peripheral
tissues. Emerging evidence however points to DA also as a key transmitter between the …

A major goal of regenerative medicine and bioengineering is the regeneration of complex
organs, such as limbs, and the capability to create artificial constructs (so-called biobots) …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by the presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques,
neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), neuronal death and synaptic loss, and inflammation in the …

Long-term memory formation, the ability to retain information over time about an experience,
is a complex function that affects multiple behaviors, and is an integral part of an individual's …

Arsenic (As) is a worldwide naturally occurring metalloid. Human chronic exposure to
inorganic As compounds (iAs), which are at the top of hazardous substances (ATSDR …

Astrocytes release gliotransmitters via connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels into neighboring
synapses, which can modulate synaptic activity and are necessary for fear memory …

Historically, glial cells have been recognized as a structural component of the brain.
However, it has become clear that glial cells are intimately involved in the complexities of …

Most aspects of nervous system development and function rely on the continuous crosstalk
between neurons and the variegated universe of non-neuronal cells surrounding them. The …