Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a powerful technique that provides the ability to
manipulate and characterize individual atoms and molecules with atomic-level precision …

Understanding the complex microscopic mechanisms of heterogeneous ice nucleation is
crucial across diverse fields from cloud science to microbiology. In this work, we examined …

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) with a functionalized tip apex reveals the geometric
and electronic structures of a sample within the same experiment. However, the complex …

This study investigates the interface between ice and organic solvents using atomic force
microscopy (AFM). Atomically flat ice surfaces were prepared and observed by AFM in 1 …

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), invented in 1986 [1], is a powerful tool used to investigate
the structure of atomic-scale structures. Compared to other techniques such as nuclear …