Vitamin D deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency, affecting almost one billion
people worldwide. Vitamin D is mostly known for its role in intestinal calcium absorption and …

Background A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-
hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic …

Background Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency, and both are areas of active
public health concern. We explored the causality and direction of the relationship between …

Importance Low levels of vitamin D are associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) and
future cardiovascular events. Whether vitamin D supplementation reduces BP and which …

Background Due to immunomodulatory properties, vitamin D status has been implicated in
several diseases beyond the skeletal disorders. There is evidence that its deficiency …

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are associated with low serum 25
hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) concentrations in observational studies; however, clinical trial …

Low vitamin D status and obesity have concomitantly reached epidemic levels worldwide.
Up to now the direction of the association between low vitamin D status and obesity, the …

Background The effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure has been explored
in previous meta-analyses, but whether the association is causal in the general population is …

Overweight and obesity are associated with vitamin D deficiency (VitD), which are both
important health problems. Reduced serum vitamin D levels has been registered in all …

Vitamin D deficiency, as well as cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and related risk factors are
highly prevalent worldwide and frequently co-occur. Vitamin D has long been known to be …