Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of joint disease associated with wear and tear, inflammation,
and aging. Mechanical stress along with synovial inflammation promotes the degradation of …

Human cells have to deal with the constant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Although ROS overproduction might be harmful to cell biology, there are plenty of data …

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) proteins constitute a family of transcription factors that are
stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, stress-related factors and …

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the role and regulation of chondrocyte terminal
differentiation (hypertrophy-like changes) in osteoarthritis (OA) and to integrate this in a …

The articular surface plays an essential role in load transfer across the joint, and conditions
that produce increased load transfer or altered patterns of load distribution accelerate the …

Chondrogenesis occurs as a result of mesenchymal cell condensation and
chondroprogenitor cell differentiation. Following chondrogenesis, the chondrocytes remain …

As the cellular component of articular cartilage, chondrocytes are responsible for
maintaining in a low-turnover state the unique composition and organization of the matrix …

In the context of OA disease, NF-κB transcription factors can be triggered by a host of stress-
related stimuli including pro-inflammatory cytokines, excessive mechanical stress and ECM …

Human cartilage is a complex tissue of matrix proteins that vary in amount and orientation
from superficial to deep layers and from loaded to unloaded zones. A major challenge to …

Articular chondrocytes are quiescent, fully differentiated cells responsible for the
homeostasis of adult articular cartilage by maintaining cellular survival functions and the fine …