Bile acids are cholesterol-derived surfactants that circulate actively between the liver and
ileum and that are classically recognized for emulsifying dietary lipids to facilitate absorption …

Nicotine is of importance as the addictive chemical in tobacco, pharmacotherapy for
smoking cessation, a potential medication for several diseases, and a useful probe drug for …

Induction of intestinal drug metabolizing enzymes can complicate the development of new
drugs, owing to the potential to cause drug-drug interactions (DDIs) leading to changes in …

Background: Extensive clinical and experimental research documents the potential for
chemical disruption of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling through multiple molecular targets …

To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Society of Toxicology, this special edition
article reviews the history and current scope of xenobiotic metabolism and transport, with …

A growing epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is paralleling the increase in
the incidence of obesity and diabetes mellitus in countries that consume a Western diet. As …

Sulfonation is an important reaction in the metabolism of numerous xenobiotics, drugs, and
endogenous compounds. A supergene family of enzymes called sulfotransferases (SULTs) …

Preclinical toxicity studies have demonstrated that exposure of laboratory animals to liver
enzyme inducers during preclinical safety assessment results in a signature of toxicological …

Variability of drug metabolism, especially that of the most important phase I enzymes or
cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, is an important complicating factor in many areas of …

Triclosan [5-chloro-2-(2, 4-dichlorophenoxy) phenol; TCS] is a synthetic, broad-spectrum
antibacterial chemical used in a wide range of consumer products including soaps …