Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. As a
result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global TB mortality rate in …

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health threat. Urgent needs in the fight against TB
include improved and innovative treatment options for drug-sensitive and-resistant TB as …

Across Europe, the genetics of the Chalcolithic/Bronze Age transition is increasingly
characterized in terms of an influx of Steppe-related ancestry. The effect of this major shift on …

The extent of the devastation of the Black Death pandemic (1346–1353) on European
populations is known from documentary sources and its bacterial source illuminated by …

The interaction and crosstalk of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is an established pathway in
which the innate immune system recognises and fights pathogens. In a single nucleotide …

Immunity-related GTPase family M (IRGM), located on human chromosome 5q33. 1,
encodes a protein that promotes autophagy and suppresses the innate immune response …

Macrophages are large mononuclear phagocytic cells that play a vital role in the immune
response. They are present in all body tissues with extremely heterogeneous and plastic …

Within the last decade, we have learned that damaged mitochondria activate many of the
same innate immune pathways that evolved to sense and respond to intracellular …

Some genetic association studies have tried to investigate potential associations between
TLR polymorphisms and tuberculosis. However, the results of these studies have not been …

Abstract Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) play a central role in the recognition of
numerous pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in activation of innate …