Background The impact of general anesthesia on cognitive impairment is controversial and
complex. A large body of evidence supports the association between exposure to surgery …

Background Post‐operative cognitive dysfunction is defined as a decline in cognitive
functions that occurs after surgery, but different diagnostic criteria and incidences have been …

The purpose of this update of the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA) guidelines on
the pre-operative evaluation of the adult undergoing noncardiac surgery is to present …

Background The choice of general anaesthetics may affect postoperative cognitive
outcomes. This study was designed to compare the potential impact of propofol-based vs …

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is commonly observed in perioperative care
following major surgery and general anesthesia in elderly individuals. No preventive or …

Background Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) occur frequently after surgery,
especially in aged patients. Surgery-induced neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier …

The stimulation of tracheal extraction and anesthesia may lead to early postoperative
cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients, especially within 72 h after surgery, due to …

Background Considerable evidence has shown that neuroinflammation and oxidative stress
play an important role in the pathophysiology of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) …

Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress coexist and interact in the progression of
postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and other neurodegenerative disease …

Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) occurs frequently after surgery,
particularly among older people. Diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia, and a history of …