Abstract 'Jack of all trades, master of everything'is a fair label for transforming growth factor
β1 (TGF-β)–a cytokine that controls our life at many levels. In the adult organism, TGF-β1 is …

Bone fractures are the most common traumatic injuries in humans. The repair of bone
fractures is a regenerative process that recapitulates many of the biological events of …

Although growth factor (GF)‐loaded hydrogels have been explored as promising materials
in repairing bone defects, it still remains challenging to construct smart hydrogels with …

Hyaluronic acid (HA) exists naturally as an important component of the extracellular matrix
(ECM) in the human body. In recent decades, HA has been widely used in bone …

In recent years, bone tissue engineering has emerged as a promising solution to the
limitations of current gold standard treatment options for bone related-disorders such as …

The current need for long lasting implants and bone substitutes characterized by
biocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical properties, without the immune rejection is a …

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network
composed of collagens, proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, laminins …

Growth factors (GFs) are soluble proteins secreted by cells that have the ability to regulate a
variety of cellular processes and tissue regeneration. However, their translation into clinical …

Shortcomings related to the treatment of bone diseases and consequent tissue regeneration
such as transplants have been addressed to some extent by tissue engineering and …

Bone has well documented natural healing capacity that normally is sufficient to repair
fractures and other common injuries. However, the properties of bone change throughout …