There are many cellular mechanisms implicated in the initiation and progression of
neurodegenerative disorders. However, age and the accumulation of unwanted cellular …

The modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-
acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an essential post-translational modification common in …

Low back pain is usually caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), during which
the involvement of oxidation system imbalance and inflammasome activation cannot be …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is considered as a dominant contributor to low back
pain (LBP), causing severe pain, limited range of lumbar motion, physical dysfunction, and …

Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the common causes of hospitalization and
death all over the world. Maresin2 (MaR2), a specialized pro-solving mediator of …

Regulating metabolic disorders has become a promising focus in treating intervertebral disc
degeneration (IDD). A few drugs regulating metabolism, such as atorvastatin, metformin, and …

Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell function-loss is one main contributor during intervertebral disc
degeneration (IDD) progression. Both mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play …

Autophagy functions as the primary cellular mechanism for clearing unwanted intracellular
contents. Emerging evidence suggests that the selective elimination of intracellular …

Apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation of the nucleus pulposus are the main
initiators of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and can be explained by endoplasmic …

O-GlcNAcylation, as a post-translational modification, can modulate cellular activities such
as kinase activity, transcription-translation, protein degradation, and insulin signaling by …