The radiation from stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) creates photodissociation regions
(PDRs) and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs), where the chemistry or heating is dominated …

Over the past decade, observations of the cool interstellar medium (ISM) in distant galaxies
via molecular and atomic fine structure line (FSL) emission have gone from a curious look …

We describe the 2017 release of the spectral synthesis code CLOUDY, summarizing the
many improvements to the scope and accuracy of the physics which have been made since …

This is a summary of the 2013 release of the plasma simulation code Cloudy. Cloudy
models the ionization, chemical, and thermal state of material that may be exposed to an …

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST, Gardner et al. 2006) is a 6.5 m space telescope
launched in 2021 December and is developed by the National Aeronautics and Space …

Protoplanetary disks are quasi-steady structures whose evolution and dispersal determine
the environment for planet formation. I review the theory of protoplanetary disk evolution and …

Planet-forming disc evolution is not independent of the star formation and feedback process
in giant molecular clouds. In particular, OB stars emit UV radiation that heats and disperses …

The R-matrix method is an embedding procedure which is based on the division of space
into an inner region where the physics is complicated and an outer region for which greatly …

We study the formation and evolution of a sample of Lyman break galaxies in the epoch of
reionization by using high-resolution (∼ 10 pc), cosmological zoom-in simulations part of …

Aims. Photodissociation by UV light is an important destruction mechanism for carbon
monoxide (CO) in many astrophysical environments, ranging from interstellar clouds to …